相撲見たことある？	<b>Have you ever seen sumo (wrestling)?</b><br>すもう みた こと ある？<br><i>Sumō mita koto aru?</i><br><br>相撲 (すもう) — sumo wrestling<br>見た (みた) — saw (past, casual)<br>こと (こと) — thing / experience<br>ある (ある) — exist / have (casual)<br><br><b>〜たことある？</b>: This means 'have you ever done ~?'. You take the past tense verb, like 見た (mita, 'saw'), add こと (koto, 'thing/experience'), then ある (aru, 'have/exist'). It's asking if that experience exists for you. In casual speech, か (ka, the question marker) is dropped — the question mark/tone does the job.	experience questions tv
お腹すいた？	<b>Are you hungry?</b><br>おなか すいた？<br><i>onaka suita?</i><br><br>お腹 (おなか) — stomach/belly<br>すいた (すいた) — became empty (past of すく)<br><br><b>お腹すいた？</b>: This is a fixed phrase. お腹 (onaka) means stomach, and すいた (suita) means 'became empty'. Together they mean 'hungry'. It's like saying 'stomach empty?' instead of 'are you hungry'.<br><b>〜た？ (casual question, no か)</b>: In casual speech, you can turn a past-tense verb into a question just by raising your voice at the end, no need for か (ka). So すいた？(suita?) alone means 'did it become empty?' i.e. 'are you hungry?'. Textbooks would add か (ka) but people rarely say it with family/friends.	food questions daily life
ごちそうさま、美味しかった！	<b>Thanks for dinner, it was delicious!</b><br>ごちそうさま、 おいしかった！<br><i>Gochisōsama, oishikatta!</i><br><br>ごちそうさま (ごちそうさま) — thanks for the meal (fixed phrase said after eating)<br>美味しかった (おいしかった) — was delicious<br><br><b>ごちそうさま(でした)</b>: This is a fixed phrase you say right after finishing a meal someone made or paid for. Full polite form is ごちそうさまでした (gochisōsama deshita), but with family at home people just say ごちそうさま (gochisōsama), dropping でした (deshita).<br><b>い-adjective + かった (past tense)</b>: 美味しい (oishii) means 'delicious'. To make it past tense, drop the final い (i) and add かった (katta), giving 美味しかった (oishikatta) = 'was delicious'. This works for any い-adjective, like 楽しい (tanoshii, fun) → 楽しかった (tanoshikatta, was fun).	food gratitude daily life
仕方ないよ	<b>It can't be helped / Well, that's just how it is</b><br>しかた ない よ<br><i>shikata nai yo</i><br><br>仕方 (しかた) — way, method (of doing something)<br>ない (ない) — doesn't exist / there isn't<br>よ (よ) — emphasis particle, softens/adds feeling<br><br><b>仕方ない (shikata nai)</b>: This literally means 'there's no way (to do it)'. It's a fixed phrase used when something is unfortunate but unavoidable, like 'oh well' or 'it can't be helped'. You'll hear it a lot in daily life.<br><b>〜よ (yo)</b>: This little word at the end adds feeling, like saying something with a bit of emotion or trying to reassure someone. It doesn't really translate but makes the sentence sound natural and spoken, not written.	feelings reactions daily life
関係者以外立入禁止	<b>Staff only - do not enter</b><br>かんけいしゃ いがい たちいり きんし<br><i>kankeisha igai tachiiri kinshi</i><br><br>関係者 (かんけいしゃ) — related person / staff / authorized personnel<br>以外 (いがい) — other than, except<br>立入 (たちいり) — entering (a place)<br>禁止 (きんし) — forbidden, prohibited<br><br><b>〜以外 (igai)</b>: 以外 (igai) means 'other than' or 'except.' So 関係者以外 (kankeisha igai) means 'anyone except staff' - in other words, everyone who is NOT staff.<br><b>〜禁止 (kinshi)</b>: 禁止 (kinshi) means 'forbidden.' Signs put it after a noun to say that thing is banned. Here 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi) means 'entering is forbidden.' No です (desu) or polite ending is needed - signs just state the rule directly.	signs restrictions safety
炊飯器	<b>rice cooker</b><br>すいはんき<br><i>suihanki</i><br><br>炊飯 (すいはん) — rice cooking<br>器 (き) — machine/appliance<br><br><b>〜器 (~ki)</b>: 器 (ki) means 'appliance/device' and gets stuck on the end of a lot of kitchen words. You'll also see it in 洗濯機 (sentakuki, washing machine) — actually that one uses 機, a different but related kanji for 'machine'. Both show up a lot in daily life.	kitchen food objects
箸	<b>chopsticks</b><br>はし<br><i>hashi</i><br><br>箸 (はし) — chopsticks<br><br><b>一膳 (ichizen)</b>: Chopsticks use a special counter, not the usual 一本 (ippon) for long thin things. A pair is 一膳 (ichizen), two pairs is 二膳 (nizen). You'll hear this if someone sets the table and counts out chopsticks for guests.	food objects home
醤油	<b>soy sauce</b><br>しょうゆ<br><i>shōyu</i><br><br>醤油 (しょうゆ) — soy sauce<br><br><b>醤油をかける / つける</b>: To use soy sauce, you say 醤油をかける (shōyu wo kakeru) = pour it on something, or 醤油をつける (shōyu wo tsukeru) = dip something into it. かける (kakeru) is for pouring over food already on a plate. つける (tsukeru) is for dipping, like sashimi into a little dish.	food kitchen objects